YOLNGU LANDS
NORTHERN TERRITORY OASIS
THE CULTURE COLLEGE BASE CAMP IS LOCATED IN THE TOWN CENTRE OF NHULUNBUY,
A RIO TINTO TOWN COMMUNITY HUB FOR THE ENTIRE EAST ARNHEM LAND REGION.
A RIO TINTO TOWN COMMUNITY HUB FOR THE ENTIRE EAST ARNHEM LAND REGION.
LOCATION
All programs are delivered in north east Arnhem Land, Northern Territory coordinated from the Culture College base in Nhulunbuy.
Since 1999 Gulkula has been used as the site for the annual Garma Festival and each year, investment in facilities, meeting rooms, training spaces, telecommunications, catering, dining and accommodation has made it an increasingly viable facility for a wide range of programs and events. The site is accessible year-round via sealed and unsealed roads. While other locations are visited as part of the program content from Yirrkala and may include Homeland visits, visitors stay at Gulkula for the all or the majority of their time.
Yirrkala is the largest Aboriginal community in the region and is located about 15 minutes from Nhulunbuy. Home to the Buku Larrnggay Mulka Centre, students participate in hands-on activities at the Centre with local artists. Culture College also works with Yirrkala Community School to provide engagement opportunities with staff and students. It is one of only 6 schools in Australia that teaches in the local Aboriginal language.
HISTORY
The vast majority of the population of Arnhem Land are Aboriginal. The Indigenous people particular to this region are called Yolnu and have lived here for over 50,000 years. In that time they have developed a sophisticated belief system and understanding of the environment that rivals the knowledge of the world’s great universities combined.
Trading and intermarrying with the Macassans of Indonesia since 1100-1600 AD, little was known about the Yonu by western culture until the 1930’s when anthropologist Donald Thomson lived with the Yolnu, forging strong bonds and recording their way of life. In the decades that followed the Yolnu resisted dispossession from all quarters, including missionaries and Japanese invaders during WWII.
The Yolnu people are the traditional owners of nearly 100,000 square kilometres of land and marine estates, which are held under inalienable freehold title. Clans in the area have maintained traditional customs and practices, including hunting, language, arts and dance.
Many of the Yolnu live in small ‘Homelands’ which are based around a family group; they are sacred places, bountiful sources of food, and of diverse and great beauty. The large number of different clan groups and some 40 clan-languages in the region reflect the richness and diversity of culture. Yirrkala is the largest Aboriginal community in the region and is located approximately 15km from Nhulunbuy. It is also home to arguably the best Aboriginal Art Centre in the country, Buku Larrnggay Mulka. Nhulunbuy is also located close to the Gulkula site, the site of Australia’s most significant cultural event, Garma, run by the Yothu Yindi Foundation. Culture College is the only Operator that is allowed to have its school groups stay at Gulkula and it is where our Cultural Exchange Program takes place.
‘Your heart is like a good soil, and when you gather information and plant it in the good soil of your
heart – now we can see results… It’s more gathering through your studies, your education, then
putting it in your soil no matter who you are.
– Djapirri Mununggirritj
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